A clinician prepares cells for in vitro fertilization, or IVF, the treatment for infertility. In the future, it could be joined by IVG, in vitro gametogenesis, a new process that could turn any cell first into a stem cell and then into a sperm or egg cell.

TO GO WITH AFP STORY BY LAURE FILLON
An employee at the clinic Eugin prepares a sample of sperm and an egg for the process of fertilization under the microscope on May 25, 2016 in Barcelona.
“Making parents out of our patients,” reads an ad in Madrid’s metro for one of Spain’s many fertility clinics that have opened their doors to husband and wives, same-sex couples and single women thanks to lenient laws. Every year, more than 5,000 people walk through the glass doors of one of these IVI clinic / AFP / LLUIS GENE (Photo credit should read LLUIS GENE/AFP via Getty Images)